Composition of plastic :
The plastic we usually use is not a pure substance, it is made up of many materials. Wherein polymer polymerization
Substance (or synthetic resin) is the main component of plastics, in addition, in order to improve the performance of plastics, but also to add in the polymer
Auxiliary materials, such as fillers, plasticizers, lubricants, stabilizers, colorants, etc., can become plastics with good performance.
1. Synthetic resin
Synthetic resin is the most important component of plastics, and its content in plastics is generally 40% to 100%. Due to the high content,
And the nature of the resin often determines the nature of the plastic, so people often regard the resin as a synonym for plastic. For example clustering
Vinyl chloride resin is confused with polyvinyl chloride plastic, and phenolic resin is confused with phenolic plastic. In fact, resin and plastic are two different
The concept. Resin is an unprocessed primitive polymer that is used not only in the manufacture of plastics, but also in coatings, adhesives, and coatings
Raw materials for synthetic fibers. In addition to a very small part of plastics containing 100% resin, the vast majority of plastics, except for the main group
In addition to the resin, other substances need to be added.
2. Packing
Fillers, also known as fillers, can improve the strength and heat resistance of plastics and reduce costs. For example, add phenolic resin
The addition of wood flour can greatly reduce the cost, making phenolic plastics one of the cheapest plastics, while also significantly improving mechanical strength.
Fillers can be divided into organic fillers and inorganic fillers, the former such as wood powder, rags, paper and various fabric fibers, the latter such as
Glass fiber, diatomaceous earth, asbestos, carbon black, etc.
3, plasticizer
Plasticizers can increase the plasticity and softness of plastics, reduce brittleness, and make plastics easy to process and form. Plasticizers are generally
High boiling point organic compounds that can be miscible with resins, non-toxic, odorless, stable to light and heat, the most commonly used are phthalates
Class. For example, when producing polyvinyl chloride plastics, if more plasticizers are added, soft polyvinyl chloride plastics can be obtained, if not added or
Add less plasticizer (dosage <10%), then hard polyvinyl chloride plastic.
4. Stabilizer
In order to prevent the synthetic resin from being decomposed and destroyed by light and heat during processing and use, it is necessary to extend the service life
Add a stabilizer to the plastic. Commonly used are stearate, epoxy resin and so on.
5. Coloring agent
Colorants can make plastics have a variety of bright, beautiful colors. Organic dyes and inorganic pigments are commonly used as colorants.
6. Lubricant
The role of the lubricant is to prevent the plastic from sticking to the metal mold during molding, and at the same time make the surface of the plastic smooth and beautiful.
Commonly used lubricants are stearic acid and its calcium magnesium salt.
In addition to the above additives, flame retardants, blowing agents, antistatic agents, etc., can also be added to the plastic to meet different needs
Please.
FAQ :
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